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HMS Bulldog (H91)
HMS ''Bulldog'' (H91) was a built for the Royal Navy (RN) from 1929 to 1931. Initially assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet, she was transferred to the Home Fleet in 1936. During the Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939, the ship spent considerable time in Spanish waters, enforcing the arms blockade imposed by Britain and France on both sides of the conflict. ''Bulldog'' saw service throughout World War II on convoy escort duty during the Battle of the Atlantic and in the Arctic. Her most notable actions were the capture of a complete Enigma machine and codebooks from the in 1941, and sinking another German submarine in 1944. ''Bulldog'' also accepted the surrender of the German garrison of the Channel Islands on 9 May 1945. Redundant after the war, she was broken up for scrap in 1946.
==Description==
''Bulldog'' displaced at standard load and at deep load. The ship had an overall length of , a beam of and a draught of .〔 She was powered by Parsons geared steam turbines,〔 driving two shafts, which developed a total of and gave a maximum speed of . Steam for the turbines was provided by three Admiralty 3-drum boilers. ''Bulldog'' carried a maximum of of fuel oil that gave her a range of at .〔Whitley, p. 99〕 The ship's complement was 134 officers and enlisted men, which increased to 142 during wartime.〔Friedman, p. 298〕
''Bulldog'' mounted four 45-calibre quick-firing (QF) 4.7-inch Mk IX guns in single mounts, designated 'A', 'B', 'X', and 'Y' from front to rear. She was briefly fitted with a C XIII mount capable of 60-degree elevation for testing purposes.〔English, p. 29〕 For anti-aircraft (AA) defence, ''Bulldog'' had two QF 2-pounder Mk II AA guns mounted on a platform between her funnels. She was fitted with two above-water quadruple torpedo tube mounts for torpedoes.〔 One depth charge rail and two throwers were fitted; 20 depth charges were originally carried, but this increased to 35 shortly after the war began.〔English, p. 141〕 The ship was fitted with a Type 119 ASDIC set to detect submarines through sound waves beamed into the water that would reflect off the submarine.〔Friedman, p. 205〕
By April 1941, the ship's AA armament had been increased when the rear set of torpedo tubes was replaced by a AA gun. In late 1941, the ship was converted to an escort destroyer with the replacement of her 'A' gun by a Hedgehog anti-submarine spigot mortar. By April 1943, the 'Y' gun had been removed to compensate for the increase to 70 depth charges. Additional depth charge stowage later replaced the 12-pounder high-angle gun. The 2-pounder mounts were replaced by autocannon and two additional Oerlikon guns were also added in the forward superstructure.〔Friedman, pp. 237, 241, 252〕〔Whitley, p. 100〕〔Lenton, p. 153〕 To combat German E-boats, a QF 6-pounder gun was mounted at the very tip of the bow in 1944.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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